Phase 1: Secure Preparation and the Official Ledger Live Download
The journey to **self-custody** requires a secure starting point. By navigating directly to Ledger.com/start, you ensure you are accessing the verified, official source for the **Ledger Live** application. Ledger Live is the secure interface that allows you to manage your accounts, install cryptocurrency apps, and initiate transactions, all while your cryptographic secrets remain safely offline within the **Secure Element** chip of your Ledger device.
The Ledger security model is built on **isolation**. Your **Ledger hardware wallet** (often referred to as a **signer**) ensures the **private keys** are never exposed to your internet-connected computer. The initial setup requires strict adherence to security protocols to maintain this integrity.
Your Pre-Setup Security Checklist
- **Download Ledger Live:** Access Ledger.com/start and download the **official Ledger Live** application for your operating system. Avoid third-party app stores or unverified search results.
- **Device Authenticity:** Inspect the packaging of your **Ledger hardware wallet** (Nano X, Nano S Plus, Stax) for any signs of physical tampering or prior opening.
- **Recovery Materials:** Have the provided blank **Secret Recovery Phrase** sheets and a pen ready. This is the single most important physical asset you will own.
- **Environment:** Choose a private, quiet location free from any surveillance (cameras, screens, or other people) to record your master key.
Once Ledger Live is installed, launch the application. Select **"Set up a new Ledger device"** and choose your model. The application will serve as your digital guide, synchronized with the physical steps you take on the hardware wallet.
🚨 **CRITICAL SECURITY ALERT: Tampered Devices** 🚨
If your Ledger device came with a pre-written **PIN** or **Secret Recovery Phrase**, **DO NOT USE IT**. This indicates the device has been tampered with. A genuine Ledger requires you to generate these security components yourself on the device's isolated screen. Stop the setup immediately and contact Ledger Support.
Phase 2: Generating and Securing Your Secret Recovery Phrase (SRP)
This is the irreversible phase where you establish the cryptographic foundation for your entire digital wealth. The **Secret Recovery Phrase** (SRP), a sequence of **24 words**, is the only **backup** of your **private keys**. It must be generated by the device's secure random number generator and meticulously recorded by you.
The Essential Offline Initialization Protocol
- **Set Your PIN Code:** Connect your Ledger via USB. Use the physical buttons to select and confirm a strong, memorable **4-to-8 digit PIN code**. This PIN locks your device against immediate physical theft.
- **Generate the 24 Words:** The device screen will display the **Secret Recovery Phrase** word by word. **You MUST write down every word, in the exact order, on your blank Recovery Sheet.** This phrase is your master key—if you lose it, you risk losing your funds if the device is damaged.
- **Mandatory SRP Confirmation:** The **Ledger signer** will require you to confirm random words from your list. This crucial step verifies the accuracy of your written **backup**. Use the device buttons to navigate and select the correct words as prompted.
- **Secure Storage:** After the device confirms **"Your device is ready"**, immediately store the physical Recovery Sheet in a **secure, durable, and secret location**, separate from your Ledger device. Never photograph, type, or save this phrase digitally.
Mastering this **offline** process is the definition of **self-custody**. Your **private keys** are now secured by the Ledger device; the SRP is the only key to recovering them. You, and only you, are responsible for its security.
Phase 3: Final Verification, Ledger Live Integration, and Secure Transactions
With the **Secret Recovery Phrase** secured, the final steps involve utilizing **Ledger Live** to certify the device's authenticity and begin secure portfolio management. This process utilizes cryptographic verification to ensure that the entire system is uncompromised.
Ledger Genuine Check and Asset Management
- **Ledger Genuine Check:** Return to **Ledger Live**. The application will initiate a **cryptographic check** with Ledger’s secure servers. This confirms the device’s **Secure Element** and firmware integrity. You must **physically approve** the connection on your **Ledger hardware wallet**'s screen.
- **Firmware Management:** Use the **Manager** in Ledger Live to update your device's firmware if prompted. Always confirm the update ID shown on your computer screen matches the ID on the device.
- **Install Apps & Accounts:** Install the necessary cryptocurrency applications (e.g., Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana) via the **Manager**. Then, select **"Accounts"** to add your accounts, securely syncing your public addresses with Ledger Live.
The Golden Rule: On-Device Verification (Clear Signing)
The ultimate protection provided by your **Ledger signer** is **on-device verification**. For every transaction, the following protocol applies:
- **Address Comparison:** When generating a receive address, you must **verify the address on your Ledger device's screen** and compare it to the address shown in Ledger Live. This defends against address-swapping malware.
- **Transaction Approval:** When sending funds, the transaction details (recipient, amount, fees) are displayed on the **Ledger device**'s screen. You must **physically review and press the buttons** to approve the transaction. If the details on the device's secure screen do not match your intention, you must reject the transaction.
By relying on your **Ledger hardware wallet** for final **signatures**, you ensure that your **private keys** are never vulnerable, even if your computer is compromised. This confidence, rooted in security, is the reward for starting correctly at Ledger.com/start.